• Fiberoptic bronchoscopes

Fiberoptic-guided endotracheal intubation skill is a strongly desirable attribute of an anesthesiologist, essential to deal with difficult airway situations. Facilities for formal training in this crucial area are limited. Various aspects of the available and desirable training in fiberoptic endoscopic skills are available in our department.

• Video laryngoscope

Direct laryngoscopy using the Macintosh laryngoscope is a difficult skill to acquire. Video laryngoscopy is a widely accepted airway management technique that may be easier for novices to learn.

• • Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) and Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE)
    
  The role of echocardiography continues to expand as a valuable diagnostic tool used during cardiac surgery and in the intensive care unit. Learning to become a proficient echo cardiographer can be daunting, particularly within the time pressures of the operating room. The skills and expertise of the echocardiographer must constantly evolve to provide timely accurate information which may impact patient management and outcome
  
  
  
• Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM)
  
  

Increasingly, ROTEM and TEG analysis is being incorporated in vertical algorithms to diagnose and treat bleeding in high-risk populations such as those undergoing cardiac surgery or suffering from blunt trauma. Some evidence suggests these algorithms might reduce transfusions, but further study is needed to assess patient outcomes

•  Ultrasound (US) machines for regional anesthesia and chronic pain services

Ultrasound guidance is rapidly becoming the gold standard for regional anaesthesia. There is an ever-growing weight of evidence, matched with improving technology, to show that the use of ultrasound has significant benefits over conventional techniques, such as nerve stimulation and loss of resistance. The improved safety and efficacy that ultrasound brings to regional anaesthesia will help promote its use and realize the benefits that regional anaesthesia has over general anaesthesia, such as decreased morbidity and mortality, superior postoperative analgesia, cost-effectiveness, decreased postoperative complications and an improved postoperative course

• Neuromuscular monitoring devices

Neuromuscular monitoring devices were introduced into clinical practice in the 1970s. Qualitative neuromuscular monitors, or peripheral nerve stimulators, provide an electrical stimulus to a motor nerve and the response of corresponding muscle subjectively evaluated. A standard peripheral nerve stimulator provides several patterns of nerve stimulation, including train-of-four (TOF), double-burst, tetanic, and post-tetanic count. Qualitative (and quantitative) monitors are needed to determine onset of neuromuscular blockade, maintain the required depth of muscle relaxation during the surgical procedure, and assess an appropriate dose of reversal agent.

•  Cardiac output (CO) /hemodynamic monitoring devices (invasive –non-invasive)

Hemodynamic monitoring facilitates effective resuscitation and the rapid assessment of the response to time-dependent vasoactive and fluid therapy in different shock states. Since the introduction of the pulmonary artery catheter, several minimally and non-invasive CO monitoring devices have been introduced to provide continuous monitoring and a dynamic profile of fluid responsiveness. Several of these monitors provide additional hemodynamic parameters including dynamic indices of preload and volumetric indices

• Bispectral index (BIS)

BIS index is used for monitoring depth of anesthesia

• C- arm X-Ray Machine

Used for interventional pain management

• Electroencephalography (EEG) and Cerebral oximetry

For monitoring brain activity and cerebral oxygen saturation